Compound Interest Calculator

See how your savings and investments grow over time with the power of compound interest. Adjust inputs and watch results update instantly.

Calculate Your Growth
Future Value
Total Contributions
Total Interest Earned
Interest as % of Total
Doubling Time (Rule of 72)
Growth Over Time — Contributions vs Interest

How Compound Interest Works

Compound interest is often called the eighth wonder of the world. Unlike simple interest, which only earns returns on your original deposit, compound interest earns returns on your returns. Over time, this creates exponential growth that can turn modest savings into substantial wealth.

The Compound Interest Formula

The formula for compound interest with regular contributions is: FV = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) + PMT × [((1 + r/n)^(nt) - 1) / (r/n)], where P is the initial principal, r is the annual rate, n is compounding frequency, t is time in years, and PMT is the periodic contribution.

The Rule of 72

The Rule of 72 gives you a quick mental shortcut: divide 72 by your annual interest rate to estimate how many years it takes to double your money. At 6%, your money doubles in roughly 12 years. At 10%, it doubles in about 7.2 years. This rule works best for rates between 4% and 12%.

Compound vs Simple Interest

With simple interest, a $10,000 deposit at 7% earns exactly $700 per year — $14,000 in interest over 20 years. With compound interest (compounded monthly), that same deposit earns over $28,000 in interest. The difference grows dramatically over longer time periods, which is why starting early matters so much.

Tip: Even small monthly contributions add up. Contributing $200/month at 7% for 30 years results in over $243,000 — but only $72,000 of that is your money. The rest is compound interest doing the heavy lifting.

Compounding Frequency Matters (a Little)

Monthly compounding produces slightly more growth than annual compounding, and daily compounding edges out monthly — but the differences are small. The real drivers of compound growth are your rate of return, time horizon, and consistent contributions. Focus on those first.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is compound interest?
Compound interest is interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Unlike simple interest which only earns on the original amount, compound interest lets your money grow exponentially over time.
How often should interest compound?
More frequent compounding produces slightly higher returns. Monthly compounding is most common for savings accounts and CDs. Daily compounding is offered by some high-yield savings accounts. The difference between monthly and daily compounding is usually small.
What is the Rule of 72?
The Rule of 72 is a quick way to estimate how long it takes to double your money. Divide 72 by your annual interest rate. For example, at 8% interest, your money doubles in approximately 72/8 = 9 years.
What is a realistic rate of return?
High-yield savings accounts currently offer 4-5% APY. The S&P 500 has historically returned about 10% annually before inflation (about 7% after inflation). Bond funds typically return 3-5%. Your actual return depends on your investment choices and risk tolerance.
Does this calculator account for taxes?
This calculator shows pre-tax growth. In taxable accounts, you may owe taxes on interest and dividends each year. Tax-advantaged accounts like 401(k)s and IRAs let your money compound without annual tax drag, which can significantly boost long-term growth.

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